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Post by Totheleft on May 19, 2024 4:57:26 GMT
I will be looking at the Reign of terror.
Starting with America
bombing of Sixteenth Street Baptist Church, mourn at her graveside during funeral services. Horace Court/AP Photo
The church bombing in Birmingham, Alabama, is coordinated by the local chapter of the KKK, which by now is in its third iteration and popular across the South. The bombing of the predominately Black congregation kills four young girls, becoming one of the defining racist attacks of the civil rights era. Between 1947 and 1965, the KKK is linked to upward of fifty dynamite explosions targeting African Americans in Birmingham, Alabama—earning the city the grim nickname “Bombingham.”
1963
1968
April 4, 1968
Assassination of Martin Luther King
Reverend Martin Luther King Jr.’s body is viewed by his wife, Coretta Scott King, and their four young children look at King in his coffin at his funeral in Atlanta.
Reverend Martin Luther King Jr.’s body is viewed by his wife, Coretta Scott King, and their four young children at King’s funeral in Atlanta. AP Photo
James Earl Ray, a fugitive with multiple past convictions, shoots and kills Reverend Martin Luther King Jr., a leader of the civil rights movement of the 1950s and 1960s, at a motel in Memphis, Tennessee. Ray was a supporter of racial segregation and a white supremacist. King’s death is mourned by millions of Americans and considered a low point in the civil rights movement.
1968
1978
Publishing of ‘The Turner Diaries’
A copy of ‘The Turner Diaries,’ a racist, dystopian novel, sits on a library shelf in Marlinton, West Virginia.
A copy of “The Turner Diaries,” a racist, dystopian novel, sits on a library shelf in Marlinton, West Virginia. Jeff Gentner/AP Photo
William Luther Pierce, a former college physics professor and a prominent neo-Nazi, publishes The Turner Diaries under the pseudonym Andrew Macdonald. The dystopian novel tells the story of a violent overthrow of the federal government, which leads to a nuclear conflict and race war. Notably, the book’s hero, Earl Turner, detonates a bomb at the FBI’s headquarters in Washington, DC. The book is advertised with the slogan, “What will you do when they come to take your guns?” The novel comes to resonate with far-right groups in the decades ahead.
1978
1978
Formation of the Aryan Nations
Reverend Richard Butler poses in his church at the headquarters of the Aryan Nations neo-nazi organization, in northern Idaho.
Reverend Richard Butler poses in his church at the headquarters of the Aryan Nations neo-nazi organization, in northern Idaho. Bettmann/Getty Images
Notorious neo-Nazi Pastor Richard Butler forms the Aryan Nations in Idaho. A small but committed group, its followers subscribe to the so-called Christian Identity doctrine, believing they are God’s true “chosen people,” a designation usually that refers to Jews. They believe a racial war is imminent between Aryan (white) people and Jews and nonwhites, one that they must prepare for and win. Through its annual World Congresses, the Aryan Nations inspires the creation of the terrorist group called the Order.
1978
1984
End of The Order
FBI agents sift through the ruins of the house where Robert J. Matthews, founder of the neo-Nazi group the Order, died in a fire after a standoff with federal agents.
FBI agents sift through the ruins of the house where Robert J. Matthews, founder of the neo-Nazi group The Order, died in a fire amid a standoff with federal agents. Tim Klass/AP Photo
Federal law enforcement officials track Robert Mathews, leader of The Order, to a small house on the state of Washington’s Whidbey Island. Mathews, wanted on murder and robbery charges, refuses to surrender, and a gunfight and standoff ensue, during which he’s killed in a fire. With his death, Mathews becomes a martyr for the far right.
1984
1988
Fort Smith Sedition Trial
Louis Ray Beam Jr. carries his wife, Sheila, who had fainted, away from the federal courthouse in Fort Smith, Arkansas. after he and twelve other white supremacists are acquitted on sedition charges.
Louis Ray Beam Jr. carries his wife, Sheila, who had fainted, away from the federal courthouse in Fort Smith, Arkansas, after he and twelve other white supremacists are acquitted on sedition charges. Danny Johnson/AP Photo
Federal prosecutors bring fourteen white supremacists to trial at Fort Smith, Arkansas. They stand accused of plots against the U.S. government (seditious conspiracy) and other violent crimes. An all-white jury acquits all of them. Afterward, defendant Louis Beam, a former KKK leader and later the “ambassador-at-large” for the Aryan Nations, focuses on building a base of support for a white supremacist revolution against the “Zionist-Occupied Government.” To this end, Beam founds a publication called the Seditionist, which promotes his concept of “leaderless resistance.” This revolution strategy argues that guerrilla warfare should be pursued through individual or small cells, not hierarchical organizations.
August 1992
Standoff at Ruby Ridge
Federal agents draw their weapons on five neo-Nazis a few miles from the Ruby Ridge site in Idaho where Randy Weaver is engaged in a standoff with authorities.
Federal agents draw their weapons on five neo-Nazis a few miles from the Ruby Ridge site in Idaho, where Randy Weaver is engaged in a standoff with authorities. Mason March/AP Photo
A large contingent of federal agents descend on a small home in Idaho to arrest Aryan Nations member Randy Weaver on unresolved firearms charges. After Weaver refuses to surrender, the ensuing eleven-day standoff and siege results in the shootout deaths of Weaver’s son, wife, and dog, as well as a federal officer. Weaver ends up surrendering, but his family become martyrs for the movement, and the standoff captures the attention of far-right Americans nationwide.
I be looking at more later.
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Post by Totheleft on May 19, 2024 8:29:51 GMT
1988.
Federal prosecutors bring fourteen white supremacists to trial at Fort Smith, Arkansas. They stand accused of plots against the U.S. government (seditious conspiracy) and other violent crimes. An all-white jury acquits all of them. Afterward, defendant Louis Beam, a former KKK leader and later the “ambassador-at-large” for the Aryan Nations, focuses on building a base of support for a white supremacist revolution against the “Zionist-Occupied Government.” To this end, Beam founds a publication called the Seditionist, which promotes his concept of “leaderless resistance.” This revolution strategy argues that guerrilla warfare should be pursued through individual or small cells, not hierarchical organizations.
Far-Right Terrorism in the United States
1865 – 2021
Far-Right Terrorism in the United States
In recent years, far-right terrorism has become a leading national security concern for the United States. However, this type of violence and the extremism that inspires it are far from new, as explored in the new book Gods, Guns, and Sedition: Far-Right Terrorism in America by CFR experts Bruce Hoffman and Jacob Ware.
The far right has been gaining momentum for decades, helping to proliferate conspiracy theories and ideologies such as white supremacism, antisemitism, and anti-government extremism, which have fueled an increasing number of violent incidents.
1978: Formation of the Aryan Nations
1865
Formation of the Ku Klux Klan
Illustration showing members of the White League and the Ku Klux Klan clasping hands over a suffering African American family.
An editorial illustration by Thomas Nast in an 1874 publication of Harper’s Weekly shows members of the White League and the Ku Klux Klan clasping hands over a suffering African American family. Library of Congress
The Civil War between the pro-slavery South and anti-slavery North ends, and disgruntled veterans of the South’s defeated Confederate Army form the first iteration of the Ku Klux Klan (KKK) in Pulaski, Tennessee. Nathan Bedford Forrest, a former Confederate general, becomes the Klan’s first grand wizard, its national leader. The KKK’s declared goal is “to maintain the supremacy of the White Race in the Republic.” The first Klan was active from 1865 until 1871 and played a major role in the South’s postwar Reconstruction era, fighting to oppress the previously enslaved African American populace and engaging in acts of violence against them.
1865
1963
September 15, 1963
Bombing of Sixteenth Street Baptist Church
The family of Carol Robertson mourn at her graveside during funeral services.
The family of Carol Robertson, a fourteen-year-old African American girl killed in the bombing of Sixteenth Street Baptist Church, mourn at her graveside during funeral services. Horace Court/AP Photo
The church bombing in Birmingham, Alabama, is coordinated by the local chapter of the KKK, which by now is in its third iteration and popular across the South. The bombing of the predominately Black congregation kills four young girls, becoming one of the defining racist attacks of the civil rights era. Between 1947 and 1965, the KKK is linked to upward of fifty dynamite explosions targeting African Americans in Birmingham, Alabama—earning the city the grim nickname “Bombingham.”
1963
1968
April 4, 1968
Assassination of Martin Luther King
Reverend Martin Luther King Jr.’s body is viewed by his wife, Coretta Scott King, and their four young children look at King in his coffin at his funeral in Atlanta.
Reverend Martin Luther King Jr.’s body is viewed by his wife, Coretta Scott King, and their four young children at King’s funeral in Atlanta. AP Photo
James Earl Ray, a fugitive with multiple past convictions, shoots and kills Reverend Martin Luther King Jr., a leader of the civil rights movement of the 1950s and 1960s, at a motel in Memphis, Tennessee. Ray was a supporter of racial segregation and a white supremacist. King’s death is mourned by millions of Americans and considered a low point in the civil rights movement.
1968
1978
Publishing of ‘The Turner Diaries’
A copy of ‘The Turner Diaries,’ a racist, dystopian novel, sits on a library shelf in Marlinton, West Virginia.
A copy of “The Turner Diaries,” a racist, dystopian novel, sits on a library shelf in Marlinton, West Virginia. Jeff Gentner/AP Photo
William Luther Pierce, a former college physics professor and a prominent neo-Nazi, publishes The Turner Diaries under the pseudonym Andrew Macdonald. The dystopian novel tells the story of a violent overthrow of the federal government, which leads to a nuclear conflict and race war. Notably, the book’s hero, Earl Turner, detonates a bomb at the FBI’s headquarters in Washington, DC. The book is advertised with the slogan, “What will you do when they come to take your guns?” The novel comes to resonate with far-right groups in the decades ahead.
1978
1978
Formation of the Aryan Nations
Reverend Richard Butler poses in his church at the headquarters of the Aryan Nations neo-nazi organization, in northern Idaho.
Reverend Richard Butler poses in his church at the headquarters of the Aryan Nations neo-nazi organization, in northern Idaho. Bettmann/Getty Images
Notorious neo-Nazi Pastor Richard Butler forms the Aryan Nations in Idaho. A small but committed group, its followers subscribe to the so-called Christian Identity doctrine, believing they are God’s true “chosen people,” a designation usually that refers to Jews. They believe a racial war is imminent between Aryan (white) people and Jews and nonwhites, one that they must prepare for and win. Through its annual World Congresses, the Aryan Nations inspires the creation of the terrorist group called the Order.
1988
Federal law enforcement officials track Robert Mathews, leader of The Order, to a small house on the state of Washington’s Whidbey Island. Mathews, wanted on murder and robbery charges, refuses to surrender, and a gunfight and standoff ensue, during which he’s killed in a fire. With his death, Mathews becomes a martyr for the far right
1992
Federal prosecutors bring fourteen white supremacists to trial at Fort Smith, Arkansas. They stand accused of plots against the U.S. government (seditious conspiracy) and other violent crimes. An all-white jury acquits all of them. Afterward, defendant Louis Beam, a former KKK leader and later the “ambassador-at-large” for the Aryan Nations, focuses on building a base of support for a white supremacist revolution against the “Zionist-Occupied Government.” To this end, Beam founds a publication called the Seditionist, which promotes his concept of “leaderless resistance.” This revolution strategy argues that guerrilla warfare should be pursued through individual or small cells, not hierarchical organizations.
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Post by Totheleft on May 19, 2024 8:50:39 GMT
Federal agents besiege Mount Carmel Center, a compound near Waco, Texas, where residents are suspected of illegally selling machine guns and stockpiling weapons. The compound is home to the Branch Davidians, a religious cult led by David Koresh. When agents try to serve a search warrant, a gunfight breaks out, leaving ten people dead, including four federal officers. A nearly two-month standoff ensues, which ends when federal agents launch an assault on the compound. During the raid, a fire starts, and the compound burns to the ground, killing seventy-six Branch Davidians, including David Koresh and many women and children. Ruby Ridge and Waco both fuel anti-government conspiracy theories by alleging that a predatory government seeks to infringe on individual liberties.
1993
1995
Far-Right Terrorism in the United States
1865 – 2021
Far-Right Terrorism in the United States
In recent years, far-right terrorism has become a leading national security concern for the United States. However, this type of violence and the extremism that inspires it are far from new, as explored in the new book Gods, Guns, and Sedition: Far-Right Terrorism in America by CFR experts Bruce Hoffman and Jacob Ware.
The far right has been gaining momentum for decades, helping to proliferate conspiracy theories and ideologies such as white supremacism, antisemitism, and anti-government extremism, which have fueled an increasing number of violent incidents.
1995: Oklahoma City Bombing
1865
Formation of the Ku Klux Klan
Illustration showing members of the White League and the Ku Klux Klan clasping hands over a suffering African American family.
An editorial illustration by Thomas Nast in an 1874 publication of Harper’s Weekly shows members of the White League and the Ku Klux Klan clasping hands over a suffering African American family. Library of Congress
The Civil War between the pro-slavery South and anti-slavery North ends, and disgruntled veterans of the South’s defeated Confederate Army form the first iteration of the Ku Klux Klan (KKK) in Pulaski, Tennessee. Nathan Bedford Forrest, a former Confederate general, becomes the Klan’s first grand wizard, its national leader. The KKK’s declared goal is “to maintain the supremacy of the White Race in the Republic.” The first Klan was active from 1865 until 1871 and played a major role in the South’s postwar Reconstruction era, fighting to oppress the previously enslaved African American populace and engaging in acts of violence against them.
1865
1963
September 15, 1963
Bombing of Sixteenth Street Baptist Church
The family of Carol Robertson mourn at her graveside during funeral services.
The family of Carol Robertson, a fourteen-year-old African American girl killed in the bombing of Sixteenth Street Baptist Church, mourn at her graveside during funeral services. Horace Court/AP Photo
The church bombing in Birmingham, Alabama, is coordinated by the local chapter of the KKK, which by now is in its third iteration and popular across the South. The bombing of the predominately Black congregation kills four young girls, becoming one of the defining racist attacks of the civil rights era. Between 1947 and 1965, the KKK is linked to upward of fifty dynamite explosions targeting African Americans in Birmingham, Alabama—earning the city the grim nickname “Bombingham.”
1963
1968
April 4, 1968
Assassination of Martin Luther King
Reverend Martin Luther King Jr.’s body is viewed by his wife, Coretta Scott King, and their four young children look at King in his coffin at his funeral in Atlanta.
Reverend Martin Luther King Jr.’s body is viewed by his wife, Coretta Scott King, and their four young children at King’s funeral in Atlanta. AP Photo
James Earl Ray, a fugitive with multiple past convictions, shoots and kills Reverend Martin Luther King Jr., a leader of the civil rights movement of the 1950s and 1960s, at a motel in Memphis, Tennessee. Ray was a supporter of racial segregation and a white supremacist. King’s death is mourned by millions of Americans and considered a low point in the civil rights movement.
1968
1978
Publishing of ‘The Turner Diaries’
A copy of ‘The Turner Diaries,’ a racist, dystopian novel, sits on a library shelf in Marlinton, West Virginia.
A copy of “The Turner Diaries,” a racist, dystopian novel, sits on a library shelf in Marlinton, West Virginia. Jeff Gentner/AP Photo
William Luther Pierce, a former college physics professor and a prominent neo-Nazi, publishes The Turner Diaries under the pseudonym Andrew Macdonald. The dystopian novel tells the story of a violent overthrow of the federal government, which leads to a nuclear conflict and race war. Notably, the book’s hero, Earl Turner, detonates a bomb at the FBI’s headquarters in Washington, DC. The book is advertised with the slogan, “What will you do when they come to take your guns?” The novel comes to resonate with far-right groups in the decades ahead.
1978
1978
Formation of the Aryan Nations
Reverend Richard Butler poses in his church at the headquarters of the Aryan Nations neo-nazi organization, in northern Idaho.
Reverend Richard Butler poses in his church at the headquarters of the Aryan Nations neo-nazi organization, in northern Idaho. Bettmann/Getty Images
Notorious neo-Nazi Pastor Richard Butler forms the Aryan Nations in Idaho. A small but committed group, its followers subscribe to the so-called Christian Identity doctrine, believing they are God’s true “chosen people,” a designation usually that refers to Jews. They believe a racial war is imminent between Aryan (white) people and Jews and nonwhites, one that they must prepare for and win. Through its annual World Congresses, the Aryan Nations inspires the creation of the terrorist group called the Order.
1978
1984
End of The Order
FBI agents sift through the ruins of the house where Robert J. Matthews, founder of the neo-Nazi group the Order, died in a fire after a standoff with federal agents.
FBI agents sift through the ruins of the house where Robert J. Matthews, founder of the neo-Nazi group The Order, died in a fire amid a standoff with federal agents. Tim Klass/AP Photo
Federal law enforcement officials track Robert Mathews, leader of The Order, to a small house on the state of Washington’s Whidbey Island. Mathews, wanted on murder and robbery charges, refuses to surrender, and a gunfight and standoff ensue, during which he’s killed in a fire. With his death, Mathews becomes a martyr for the far right.
1984
1988
Fort Smith Sedition Trial
Louis Ray Beam Jr. carries his wife, Sheila, who had fainted, away from the federal courthouse in Fort Smith, Arkansas. after he and twelve other white supremacists are acquitted on sedition charges.
Louis Ray Beam Jr. carries his wife, Sheila, who had fainted, away from the federal courthouse in Fort Smith, Arkansas, after he and twelve other white supremacists are acquitted on sedition charges. Danny Johnson/AP Photo
Federal prosecutors bring fourteen white supremacists to trial at Fort Smith, Arkansas. They stand accused of plots against the U.S. government (seditious conspiracy) and other violent crimes. An all-white jury acquits all of them. Afterward, defendant Louis Beam, a former KKK leader and later the “ambassador-at-large” for the Aryan Nations, focuses on building a base of support for a white supremacist revolution against the “Zionist-Occupied Government.” To this end, Beam founds a publication called the Seditionist, which promotes his concept of “leaderless resistance.” This revolution strategy argues that guerrilla warfare should be pursued through individual or small cells, not hierarchical organizations.
1988
1992
August 1992
Standoff at Ruby Ridge
Federal agents draw their weapons on five neo-Nazis a few miles from the Ruby Ridge site in Idaho where Randy Weaver is engaged in a standoff with authorities.
Federal agents draw their weapons on five neo-Nazis a few miles from the Ruby Ridge site in Idaho, where Randy Weaver is engaged in a standoff with authorities. Mason March/AP Photo
A large contingent of federal agents descend on a small home in Idaho to arrest Aryan Nations member Randy Weaver on unresolved firearms charges. After Weaver refuses to surrender, the ensuing eleven-day standoff and siege results in the shootout deaths of Weaver’s son, wife, and dog, as well as a federal officer. Weaver ends up surrendering, but his family become martyrs for the movement, and the standoff captures the attention of far-right Americans nationwide.
1992
1993
February 1993
Waco Siege
Smoke billows from the Branch Davidians’ compound as it burns to the ground outside of Waco, Texas, during a raid by federal agents.
The Branch Davidians’ compound burns to the ground outside of Waco, Texas, during a raid by federal agents. Greg Smith/Corbis/Getty Images
Federal agents besiege Mount Carmel Center, a compound near Waco, Texas, where residents are suspected of illegally selling machine guns and stockpiling weapons. The compound is home to the Branch Davidians, a religious cult led by David Koresh. When agents try to serve a search warrant, a gunfight breaks out, leaving ten people dead, including four federal officers. A nearly two-month standoff ensues, which ends when federal agents launch an assault on the compound. During the raid, a fire starts, and the compound burns to the ground, killing seventy-six Branch Davidians, including David Koresh and many women and children. Ruby Ridge and Waco both fuel anti-government conspiracy theories by alleging that a predatory government seeks to infringe on individual liberties.
1993
1995
April 19, 1995
Oklahoma City Bombing
An anti-government extremist and military veteran named Timothy McVeigh detonates a truck bomb at the Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, killing 168 people and injuring hundreds more. The act is directly tied to the government crackdowns at Ruby Ridge and Waco, with McVeigh launching his attack on the second anniversary of the Waco siege. The Oklahoma City bombing is the deadliest domestic terrorist attack in modern U.S. history and leads to a sweeping government crackdown on armed militias, with federal law enforcement agencies significantly raising their efforts to infiltrate anti-government extremist groups. The militia movement therefore suffers a substantial blow in the late 1990s. McVeigh is executed for his crimes in 2001, while a co-conspirator, Terry Nichols, is still serving out a life sentence in prison as of 2024.
White supremacist Dylann Roof opens fire at the “Mother” Emanuel African Methodist Episcopal (AME) Church in Charleston, South Carolina, killing nine African American worshippers. The church is known for hosting civil rights icons over the decades, including Martin Luther King Jr. During the attack, Roof tells victims, “I have to do it. You rape our women, and you’re taking over our country. And you have to go.”
2015
White supremacist Dylann Roof opens fire at the “Mother” Emanuel African Methodist Episcopal (AME) Church in Charleston, South Carolina, killing nine African American worshippers. The church is known for hosting civil rights icons over the decades, including Martin Luther King Jr. During the attack, Roof tells victims, “I have to do it. You rape our women, and you’re taking over our country. And you have to go.”
Far-Right Terrorism in the United States
1865 – 2021
Far-Right Terrorism in the United States
In recent years, far-right terrorism has become a leading national security concern for the United States. However, this type of violence and the extremism that inspires it are far from new, as explored in the new book Gods, Guns, and Sedition: Far-Right Terrorism in America by CFR experts Bruce Hoffman and Jacob Ware.
The far right has been gaining momentum for decades, helping to proliferate conspiracy theories and ideologies such as white supremacism, antisemitism, and anti-government extremism, which have fueled an increasing number of violent incidents.
2017: Charlottesville Car-Ramming
1865
Formation of the Ku Klux Klan
Illustration showing members of the White League and the Ku Klux Klan clasping hands over a suffering African American family.
An editorial illustration by Thomas Nast in an 1874 publication of Harper’s Weekly shows members of the White League and the Ku Klux Klan clasping hands over a suffering African American family. Library of Congress
The Civil War between the pro-slavery South and anti-slavery North ends, and disgruntled veterans of the South’s defeated Confederate Army form the first iteration of the Ku Klux Klan (KKK) in Pulaski, Tennessee. Nathan Bedford Forrest, a former Confederate general, becomes the Klan’s first grand wizard, its national leader. The KKK’s declared goal is “to maintain the supremacy of the White Race in the Republic.” The first Klan was active from 1865 until 1871 and played a major role in the South’s postwar Reconstruction era, fighting to oppress the previously enslaved African American populace and engaging in acts of violence against them.
1865
1963
September 15, 1963
Bombing of Sixteenth Street Baptist Church
The family of Carol Robertson mourn at her graveside during funeral services.
The family of Carol Robertson, a fourteen-year-old African American girl killed in the bombing of Sixteenth Street Baptist Church, mourn at her graveside during funeral services. Horace Court/AP Photo
The church bombing in Birmingham, Alabama, is coordinated by the local chapter of the KKK, which by now is in its third iteration and popular across the South. The bombing of the predominately Black congregation kills four young girls, becoming one of the defining racist attacks of the civil rights era. Between 1947 and 1965, the KKK is linked to upward of fifty dynamite explosions targeting African Americans in Birmingham, Alabama—earning the city the grim nickname “Bombingham.”
1963
1968
April 4, 1968
Assassination of Martin Luther King
Reverend Martin Luther King Jr.’s body is viewed by his wife, Coretta Scott King, and their four young children look at King in his coffin at his funeral in Atlanta.
Reverend Martin Luther King Jr.’s body is viewed by his wife, Coretta Scott King, and their four young children at King’s funeral in Atlanta. AP Photo
James Earl Ray, a fugitive with multiple past convictions, shoots and kills Reverend Martin Luther King Jr., a leader of the civil rights movement of the 1950s and 1960s, at a motel in Memphis, Tennessee. Ray was a supporter of racial segregation and a white supremacist. King’s death is mourned by millions of Americans and considered a low point in the civil rights movement.
1968
1978
Publishing of ‘The Turner Diaries’
A copy of ‘The Turner Diaries,’ a racist, dystopian novel, sits on a library shelf in Marlinton, West Virginia.
A copy of “The Turner Diaries,” a racist, dystopian novel, sits on a library shelf in Marlinton, West Virginia. Jeff Gentner/AP Photo
William Luther Pierce, a former college physics professor and a prominent neo-Nazi, publishes The Turner Diaries under the pseudonym Andrew Macdonald. The dystopian novel tells the story of a violent overthrow of the federal government, which leads to a nuclear conflict and race war. Notably, the book’s hero, Earl Turner, detonates a bomb at the FBI’s headquarters in Washington, DC. The book is advertised with the slogan, “What will you do when they come to take your guns?” The novel comes to resonate with far-right groups in the decades ahead.
1978
1978
Formation of the Aryan Nations
Reverend Richard Butler poses in his church at the headquarters of the Aryan Nations neo-nazi organization, in northern Idaho.
Reverend Richard Butler poses in his church at the headquarters of the Aryan Nations neo-nazi organization, in northern Idaho. Bettmann/Getty Images
Notorious neo-Nazi Pastor Richard Butler forms the Aryan Nations in Idaho. A small but committed group, its followers subscribe to the so-called Christian Identity doctrine, believing they are God’s true “chosen people,” a designation usually that refers to Jews. They believe a racial war is imminent between Aryan (white) people and Jews and nonwhites, one that they must prepare for and win. Through its annual World Congresses, the Aryan Nations inspires the creation of the terrorist group called the Order.
1978
1984
End of The Order
FBI agents sift through the ruins of the house where Robert J. Matthews, founder of the neo-Nazi group the Order, died in a fire after a standoff with federal agents.
FBI agents sift through the ruins of the house where Robert J. Matthews, founder of the neo-Nazi group The Order, died in a fire amid a standoff with federal agents. Tim Klass/AP Photo
Federal law enforcement officials track Robert Mathews, leader of The Order, to a small house on the state of Washington’s Whidbey Island. Mathews, wanted on murder and robbery charges, refuses to surrender, and a gunfight and standoff ensue, during which he’s killed in a fire. With his death, Mathews becomes a martyr for the far right.
1984
1988
Fort Smith Sedition Trial
Louis Ray Beam Jr. carries his wife, Sheila, who had fainted, away from the federal courthouse in Fort Smith, Arkansas. after he and twelve other white supremacists are acquitted on sedition charges.
Louis Ray Beam Jr. carries his wife, Sheila, who had fainted, away from the federal courthouse in Fort Smith, Arkansas, after he and twelve other white supremacists are acquitted on sedition charges. Danny Johnson/AP Photo
Federal prosecutors bring fourteen white supremacists to trial at Fort Smith, Arkansas. They stand accused of plots against the U.S. government (seditious conspiracy) and other violent crimes. An all-white jury acquits all of them. Afterward, defendant Louis Beam, a former KKK leader and later the “ambassador-at-large” for the Aryan Nations, focuses on building a base of support for a white supremacist revolution against the “Zionist-Occupied Government.” To this end, Beam founds a publication called the Seditionist, which promotes his concept of “leaderless resistance.” This revolution strategy argues that guerrilla warfare should be pursued through individual or small cells, not hierarchical organizations.
1988
1992
August 1992
Standoff at Ruby Ridge
Federal agents draw their weapons on five neo-Nazis a few miles from the Ruby Ridge site in Idaho where Randy Weaver is engaged in a standoff with authorities.
Federal agents draw their weapons on five neo-Nazis a few miles from the Ruby Ridge site in Idaho, where Randy Weaver is engaged in a standoff with authorities. Mason March/AP Photo
A large contingent of federal agents descend on a small home in Idaho to arrest Aryan Nations member Randy Weaver on unresolved firearms charges. After Weaver refuses to surrender, the ensuing eleven-day standoff and siege results in the shootout deaths of Weaver’s son, wife, and dog, as well as a federal officer. Weaver ends up surrendering, but his family become martyrs for the movement, and the standoff captures the attention of far-right Americans nationwide.
1992
1993
February 1993
Waco Siege
Smoke billows from the Branch Davidians’ compound as it burns to the ground outside of Waco, Texas, during a raid by federal agents.
The Branch Davidians’ compound burns to the ground outside of Waco, Texas, during a raid by federal agents. Greg Smith/Corbis/Getty Images
Federal agents besiege Mount Carmel Center, a compound near Waco, Texas, where residents are suspected of illegally selling machine guns and stockpiling weapons. The compound is home to the Branch Davidians, a religious cult led by David Koresh. When agents try to serve a search warrant, a gunfight breaks out, leaving ten people dead, including four federal officers. A nearly two-month standoff ensues, which ends when federal agents launch an assault on the compound. During the raid, a fire starts, and the compound burns to the ground, killing seventy-six Branch Davidians, including David Koresh and many women and children. Ruby Ridge and Waco both fuel anti-government conspiracy theories by alleging that a predatory government seeks to infringe on individual liberties.
1993
1995
April 19, 1995
Oklahoma City Bombing
An anti-government extremist and military veteran named Timothy McVeigh detonates a truck bomb at the Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, killing 168 people and injuring hundreds more. The act is directly tied to the government crackdowns at Ruby Ridge and Waco, with McVeigh launching his attack on the second anniversary of the Waco siege. The Oklahoma City bombing is the deadliest domestic terrorist attack in modern U.S. history and leads to a sweeping government crackdown on armed militias, with federal law enforcement agencies significantly raising their efforts to infiltrate anti-government extremist groups. The militia movement therefore suffers a substantial blow in the late 1990s. McVeigh is executed for his crimes in 2001, while a co-conspirator, Terry Nichols, is still serving out a life sentence in prison as of 2024.
1995
2008
Election of Barack Obama
Members of the Tea Party hold a sign reading "Obama Where's Your Papers" during a protest.
Members of the Tea Party movement protest outside of San Francisco’s Fairmont Hotel ahead of a fundraiser attended by President Barack Obama in 2010. Justin Sullivan/Getty Images
A resurgence of racism and anti-government extremism surfaces with the November election of Barack Obama, the country’s first African American president. Some political opponents and conspiracy theorists allege that Obama is Muslim and foreign-born, falsehoods that they hoped would undermine his presidency and disqualify him from office.
2008
2011
July 2011
American-Inspired Attacks in Norway
A young man is comforted as he mourns the deaths of those killed by Anders Breivik in a mass shooting and bombing in Norway.
A young man is comforted as he mourns the deaths of those killed by Anders Breivik in a mass shooting and bombing in Norway. Wolfgang Rattay/Reuters
Anders Breivik, a far-right extremist seeking to emulate Timothy McVeigh, kills seventy-seven people in twin attacks in Oslo, Norway. He murders eight with a truck bomb in the capital’s government quarter, and then drives to a nearby island—home to the summer camp of the youth wing of the country’s Labour Party—where he indiscriminately guns down sixty-nine more victims. Breivik wrote a long manifesto accompanying his attack, calling his targets “cultural Marxists” who he felt were orchestrating the cultural and demographic replacement of Norwegians who shared his European heritage.
2011
2015
June 2015
Charleston AME Church Shooting
People line up to attend Sunday services following a mass shooting at Emanuel African Methodist Episcopal Church in Charleston, South Carolina.
People line up to attend Sunday services following a mass shooting at Emanuel African Methodist Episcopal Church in Charleston, South Carolina. Joe Raedle/Getty Images
White supremacist Dylann Roof opens fire at the “Mother” Emanuel African Methodist Episcopal (AME) Church in Charleston, South Carolina, killing nine African American worshippers. The church is known for hosting civil rights icons over the decades, including Martin Luther King Jr. During the attack, Roof tells victims, “I have to do it. You rape our women, and you’re taking over our country. And you have to go.”
2015
2016
Election of Donald Trump
Republican presidential candidate Donald Trump speaks at a campaign rally in Rochester, New York.
Republican presidential candidate Donald Trump speaks at a campaign rally in Rochester, New York. Brett Carlsen/Getty Images
Donald Trump is elected president of the United States running as a Republican. Trump’s campaign had featured some far-right themes on immigration and race, and made proposals including a Muslim ban, a possible Muslim registry, and a border wall to keep out “rapist” and “criminal” Mexicans. To many Americans, his election victory proves that far-right rhetoric and policies that for decades had been associated only with extremists could resonate with wider swathes of the electorate, enough to actually win the White House.
2016
2017
August 2017
Charlottesville Car-Ramming
White nationalists, holding tiki torches, march on the grounds of the University of Virginia ahead of the Unite the Right rally in Charlottesville, Virginia.
White nationalists march on the grounds of the University of Virginia ahead of the Unite the Right rally in Charlottesville, Virginia. Stephanie Keith/Reuters
On August 11, a “Unite the Right” rally against the removal of a statue of Confederate commander Robert E. Lee in Charlottesville, Virginia, begins with a torchlight procession at the University of Virginia amid chants that “Jews will not replace us.” The following day, the protests turn more violent when James Alex Fields Jr., a twenty-year-old neo-Nazi who had traveled from Ohio for the rally, rams his car into a crowd of counter-demonstrators, injuring twenty-eight and killing one.
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Post by piglet on May 19, 2024 9:05:05 GMT
Can i have an explanation why north america invaded the south to end the racism?, many of its sons were blown to kingdom come, shot to death etc. Wot about the royal navy ending slavery?even the black on black slavery. You are of course one eyed, all you are doing is expressing your own racism, its not about one doing the other in, is it?
The KKK were a social club and some parties got out of hand, much like the pol pot thing, Hitler, the Boer war, and those wars in africa where black men murdered white farmers not that long ago. All things have an up and down side. Without european influence africa would still be in the stone age.
That digging an irrigation ditch to water crops would be revolutionary, even today, without the benefit of european cool climates that allow study. Progress. And not sitting in the sun while females laboured, yes misogyny is rife. In Africa,
Can you see where this is going, that progress is never in a straight line, little lapses are bound to happen, but ultimately, the arrow goes upwards, slowly, as im sure you are aware, our grandfathers were apes.
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